In the
era of President Joko Widodo, we hear a number of interesting slogans, such as
the maritime axis, Nawa Cita, Trisakti and building from the suburbs.
After
Lebaran (the celebration of Idul Fitri, which is marked by mudik, an annual
exodus by Jakartans to their hometowns), this last topic is relevant. Moreover,
in this newspaper on Monday (11/6), we read that the program to build from the
suburbs, from regions and villages, has not shown positive results. This is
demonstrated by the high rate of migration from rural to urban areas.
The
discouraging thing is that the government has poured a lot of funds into
driving regional development. Regional transfer funds and village funds total Rp770
trillion (US$58.8 billion) of the total state budget of Rp2 quadrillion.
This
year, the number of residents migrating to Jakarta and its surrounding cities,
namely Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi, is forecast to reach in excess of
181,000 people. Specifically for Jakarta, this will amount to 70,000 people.
This is an increase over the previous five years, for which the average annual
number of newcomers was 58,000 people.
The
migration option is taken because people want to get jobs. A resident of
Kediri, East Java, who works as a construction worker, chose to move to Jakarta
because incomes in the regions were very small. Another resident from Muara
Enim, South Sumatra, wanted to move to Jakarta because it was difficult to find
work in his own region. Jakarta, which is frequently stated as the place where
60 percent of economy and finance circulates in the country, still exudes
charm, calling like a magnet, following the maxim "when there is sugar,
there are ants".
As
stated by an expert in population economics from the economy and business
faculty of the University of Indonesia, Sonny HB Harmadi, the rate of migration
to the capital gives Greater Jakarta an increasingly heavy burden to bear.
Apart from having to provide more jobs, other burdens are providing shelter and
public facilities. Looking at the general economic condition, which has not yet
improved, there is a risk that the dream of work in Jakarta will not
materialize, while a negative impact is the rise in crimes. Another risk is the
growth of unregulated settlement areas.
Related
to this topic, there are at least two matters worth considering. We hear, along
with mudik, there is also a flow of funds from the travelers to their
hometowns. We need to encourage them not to spend all their money for
consumptive purposes. Some of this should be used for investment, developing a
spirit of entrepreneurship in the regions.
Second,
executive director of the monitoring committee for the implementation of
regional autonomy, Robert Endi Jaweng, drew attention to the fact that despite
funds being channeled to the regions, there was no accompanying mechanism for
control and assessment. There were no sanctions if regional governments failed
to utilize the funds properly, or their economic growth targets were not
reached.
The
success of building from the suburbs will help reduce the rate of the migration
and reduce the burden on Greater Jakarta.
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